The Ecological Risk Factors Contributing to Dengue Fever Prevalence: Rawalpindi Experience : The Ecological Risk Factors Contributing to Dengue Fever Prevalence: Rawalpindi Experience

Abstract

The recent floods in different regions of Pakistan caused massive disaster and deaths. The present study is based on the post-flood relief activities done by Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The 2025 floods in District Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, have caused extensive collateral damage in terms of deaths, individual displacement, and disruption of healthcare facilities. The current report highlights clinical data related to airborne communicable diseases, including acute respiratory infections, malaria, diarrhea, and skin infections. This case report highlights clinical presentations, healthcare challenges, and climate-related drivers behind the disaster. A total of 500 patients (265 male, 235 female) were assessed in relief camps, with acute respiratory infections, diarrheal diseases, malaria, and skin infections being the most frequent. The current study emphasizes the climate change extremities in Buner district, which are life-threatening weather events, and health vulnerabilities faced in such effected area having a very low resource settings and a lack of basic health care facilities.